Improvement in the moles of drain-plows



J. LANE,

Mole-Plbw.

Patented Jan 10. 1860.

Inf/euro.

7122726556 5. Q WWW UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN LANE, ()F LOOKPORT, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MOLES OF DRAlN-PLOWS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 26,771, dated January10, 1860.

To all whom it may concern: chance being allowed for the clay to giveback Be it known. that I, JOHN LANE, of Lockand get out of the way ofthe mole. Hence port, in the county of Will and State of Illiit is thatthe desired density of compression nois,have invented a new and usefulImproveat the sides of the drain by the mole is efmentintheShapeof theMoles of Undergroundfected, whereas the upward resistance of theDraining Flows; and I do hereby declare that clay is not so great,owing, first, to the existthe following is a full,clear, and exactdescripence of the slit or crack formed by the colter tion of the same,reference being bad to the in the earth, and, secondly, to the clayyieldaccompanying drawings,forminga part of this ing upward. There isanother diificulty with specification, in whichthe common-shaped molemaking an arch- Figure 1 is a plan of my improved mole. Fig. drain. Itis this: In turning corners, making 2 is a side view of the same; andFig. 3 is a angles to the ditch, the mole-stem will leave a rear view ofthe mole as in use, an underground crack of some three times thethickness of itdrain being shown in its transverse section. self just atthe pointof turning, and it is often Similar letters of reference ineach of the necessary to dig down to the drain and repair severalfigures indicate corresponding parts. the corner with stone. Myinventionobviates It is very desirable in underground drains to a very greatextent all difficulties experito have the sides and top of the samecomenced in the use of the mole. pressed equally, while the bottom isleft un- To enable others skilled in the art to make compressed; and informing such drains with and use myinventionJwill proceed to describeany of the mole-plows heretofore devised the its construction andoperation. clay is densely compressed on all sides, yet AA designate themole; B,the mole-stem or the compression is not equal at the top andcolter; and c c are the shoulders on the mole. sides,and hence thedevelopment of myinven- These shoulders are formed by enlarging thetion, which is designed to effect an equality of mole abruptly at thecenter of itslength. They compression at top and sides, and also toclose commence at the base of the mole, forward of i up the slit made bythe colter of the mole more the back of the stem or colter, slope backeffectually than it can be done by simply formwardly as they rise, andcome together at a ing conduits in the top of the mole on each sidepoint midway between the stem or colter and of the colter. the rear endof the mole.

My invention consists in so constructing a In operation, the part A ofthe mole forms mole for underground-draining plows that the a minordrain with compacted walls, and then front half of it will first formwhat I shall the shoulders, by abruptly enlarging the minor term a minorarch-shaped drain with comdrain for the part A to enter and form what Ipacted walls,and the rear half, following after, term the major drain,necessarily trim off a will abruptly, instead of gradually, convert theportion of the packed clay which forms the side same into a major drainor a drain of the dewalls of the minor drain and convey it up and siredsize, and in doing this will, owing to its deposit it where it is wantedto stop the slit of abruptly commencing to increase the size of the molestem or colter, and to compensate for the minor drain, cut away thecompacted dirt the upward yield in the earth to the top of the whichforms the walls of the minor drain from mole.

the base to the top of the drain, and conduct The main advantageresulting from my parh. the same in its compacted condition to the topticular combination of the minor and main of the drain, behind thecolter, and thus inmoles and conductors is this: The clay is comsure amore perfect packing of the top of the pressed before being conveyed tothe top. drain and of the filling up of the slit formed Therefore a moreperfect filling up of the top by the colter with dirt,which has alreadybeen of the drain and stem or colter slit is accomto a very great extentrendered compact. plished.

In forming a drain with a mole the lateral By referring to Fig. 3 adrain formed by my resistance of the clay is great, owing to no mole isshown. The dark lining upon the sides and top is the packed clay. Thedotted linee e illustrates how the earth yields or rises when the moleis in action. It is to overcome the diflicult y resulting from the earththus yielding as well as to fill up the colter-slit that I convey claywhich is already partially compressed from the compacted sides of theminor drain and deposit it on top of the mole,in rear of the colter.Thus conveying up compressed clay enables me to make adrain with itssides and top of nearly equal density and with the colter slit or crackof the mole-stem more effectually closed.

Witnesses:

O. A, WELoH, J. D. LOOMER.

and'

